Contribución a la estimulación del uso de soluciones Cloud Computing: Diseño de un intermediador de servicios Cloud para fomentar el uso de ecosistemas distribuidos digitales confiables, interoperables y de acuerdo a la legalidad. Aplicación en entornos multi-cloud.

184 p.El objetivo del trabajo de investigación presentado en esta tesis es facilitar a los desarrolladores y operadores de aplicaciones desplegadas en múltiples Nubes el descubrimiento y la gestión de los diferentes servicios de Computación, soportando su reutilización y combinación, para generar una red de servicios interoperables, que cumplen con las leyes y cuyos acuerdos de nivel de servicio pueden ser evaluados de manera continua. Una de las contribuciones de esta tesis es el diseño y desarrollo de un bróker de servicios de Computación llamado ACSmI (Advanced Cloud Services meta-Intermediator). ACSmI permite evaluar el cumplimiento de los acuerdos de nivel de servicio incluyendo la legislación. ACSmI también proporciona una capa de abstracción intermedia para los servicios de Computación donde los desarrolladores pueden acceder fácilmente a un catálogo de servicios acreditados y compatibles con los requisitos no funcionales establecidos.Además, este trabajo de investigación propone la caracterización de las aplicaciones nativas multiNube y el concepto de "DevOps extendido" especialmente pensado para este tipo de aplicaciones. El concepto "DevOps extendido" pretende resolver algunos de los problemas actuales del diseño, desarrollo, implementación y adaptación de aplicaciones multiNube, proporcionando un enfoque DevOps novedoso y extendido para la adaptación de las prácticas actuales de DevOps al paradigma multiNube

Combinación de ejercicio aeróbico y de fuerza como tratamiento fisioterapéutico durante la fase de tratamiento oncológico del cáncer infantil. Revisión sistemática

Introducción: El cáncer infantil es la principal causa de muerte por enfermedad en niños y adolescentes a nivel mundial, destacando por ser los más frecuentes la leucemia, los tumores del Sistema Nervioso Central, los linfomas y los sarcomas. El tratamiento médico incluye quimioterapia, radioterapia, cirugía y trasplante de células madre, pudiendo ocasionar gran variedad de síntomas físicos y psicológicos. La fisioterapia a través de programas de ejercicio aeróbico y de fuerza terapéuticos puede desempeñar un papel fundamental en su manejo. Objetivos: Analizar los efectos que produce el ejercicio terapéutico combinando ejercicios aeróbicos y de fuerza en las variables fuerza muscular, calidad de vida, marcha, aptitud cardiorrespiratoria, marcadores inflamatorios y fatiga en pacientes pediátricos con cáncer en tratamiento oncológico. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura publicada siguiendo los criterios PRISMA, incluyendo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECAs) que comparasen ejercicio aeróbico y de fuerza con un grupo control o con otro tratamiento fisioterapéutico en niños con cáncer en tratamiento oncológico. Resultados: Tras un proceso de selección exhaustivo, se incluyeron 9 estudios primarios y un análisis secundario. La intervención basada en ejercicio terapéutico aeróbico y de fuerza parece ser efectiva en estos pacientes para la mejora de la fuerza muscular abdominal, de tronco, de miembros superiores e inferiores, la calidad de vida reportada por ellos y sus padres y la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria a corto, medio y largo plazo. Además, se vieron mejoras significativas en la marcha, los marcadores inmunológicas e inflamatorios a corto plazo y en la sensación de fatiga a corto y medio plazo. Conclusiones: El ejercicio aeróbico y de fuerza resulta eficaz como tratamiento para reducir los síntomas de niños y adolescentes con cáncer. No obstante, se necesitan más estudios con mayores muestras y protocolos homogeneizados para obtener resultados más concluyentes.Grado en Fisioterapi

CloudOps: Towards the Operationalization of the Cloud Continuum: Concepts, Challenges and a Reference Framework

The current trend of developing highly distributed, context aware, heterogeneous computing intense and data-sensitive applications is changing the boundaries of cloud computing. Encouraged by the growing IoT paradigm and with flexible edge devices available, an ecosystem of a combination of resources, ranging from high density compute and storage to very lightweight embedded computers running on batteries or solar power, is available for DevOps teams from what is known as the Cloud Continuum. In this dynamic context, manageability is key, as well as controlled operations and resources monitoring for handling anomalies. Unfortunately, the operation and management of such heterogeneous computing environments (including edge, cloud and network services) is complex and operators face challenges such as the continuous optimization and autonomous (re-)deployment of context-aware stateless and stateful applications where, however, they must ensure service continuity while anticipating potential failures in the underlying infrastructure. In this paper, we propose a novel CloudOps workflow (extending the traditional DevOps pipeline), proposing techniques and methods for applications’ operators to fully embrace the possibilities of the Cloud Continuum. Our approach will support DevOps teams in the operationalization of the Cloud Continuum. Secondly, we provide an extensive explanation of the scope, possibilities and future of the CloudOps.This research was funded by the European project PIACERE (Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under grant agreement No. 101000162)

CloudOps: Towards the Operationalization of the Cloud Continuum: Concepts, Challenges and a Reference Framework

The current trend of developing highly distributed, context aware, heterogeneous computing intense and data-sensitive applications is changing the boundaries of cloud computing. Encouraged by the growing IoT paradigm and with flexible edge devices available, an ecosystem of a combination of resources, ranging from high density compute and storage to very lightweight embedded computers running on batteries or solar power, is available for DevOps teams from what is known as the Cloud Continuum. In this dynamic context, manageability is key, as well as controlled operations and resources monitoring for handling anomalies. Unfortunately, the operation and management of such heterogeneous computing environments (including edge, cloud and network services) is complex and operators face challenges such as the continuous optimization and autonomous (re-)deployment of context-aware stateless and stateful applications where, however, they must ensure service continuity while anticipating potential failures in the underlying infrastructure. In this paper, we propose a novel CloudOps workflow (extending the traditional DevOps pipeline), proposing techniques and methods for applications’ operators to fully embrace the possibilities of the Cloud Continuum. Our approach will support DevOps teams in the operationalization of the Cloud Continuum. Secondly, we provide an extensive explanation of the scope, possibilities and future of the CloudOps.This research was funded by the European project PIACERE (Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under grant agreement No. 101000162)

Medina: Improving cloud services trustworthiness through continuous audit-based certification

One of the reasons of the still limited adoption of Cloud Computing in the EU is the EU customers' perceived lack of security and transparency in this technology. Cloud service providers (CSPs) usually rely on security certifications as a mean to improve transparency and trustworthiness, however European CSPs still face multiple challenges for certifying their services (e.g., fragmentation in the certification market, and lack of mutual recognition). In this context, the EU Cybersecurity Act (EU CSA) proposes improving customer's trust in the European ICT market through a European certification scheme (EUCS). The proposed cloud security certification scheme conveys new technological challenges including the notion of automated monitoring for the whole supply chain, which needs to be solved in order to bring all the expected benefits to EU cloud providers and customers. In this context, MEDINA proposes a framework for supporting a continuous audit-based certification for CSPs based on EU CSA's scheme for cloud security certification. MEDINA will tackle challenges in areas like security validation/ testing, machine-readable certification language, cloud security performance, and audit evidence management. MEDINA will provide and empirically validate sustainable outcomes in order to benefit EU adopters.This work has been partially funded by the European project MEDINA (Horizon 2020 research and innovation Programme, under grant agreement no 952633)

Empowering Services based Software in the Digital Single Market to Foster an Ecosystem of Trusted, Interoperable and Legally Compliant Cloud-Services

The software industry has evolved from software on the shelf based applications deployed in dedicated servers , to Software as a service based components running on public or private Clouds and now to Cloud Service Brokers So, Cloud service brokerages have emerged as digital intermediaries in the information technology (IT) services market (Shang, 2013), creating value for cloud computing clients and vendors alike. This paper presents an approach to foster next generation cloud service brokers through an ecosystem of trusted, interoperable and legally compliant cloud services through an added value Cloud Services intermediator. This ecosystem will offer, create, consume and assess trusted, interoperable, and standard Cloud Services, where to (semi-)automatically deploy the next generation service based software applications.This work has been partially funded by the European project Cloud for Europe (Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 610650) and OPERANDO (Horizon 2020 Programme, under grant agreement no 653704)

DECIDE: DevOps for Trusted, Portable and Interoperable Multi-Cloud Applications towards the Digital Single Market

The main objective of the DECIDE action is to provide a new generation of multi-cloud service-based software framework, enabling techniques and mechanisms to design, develop, and dynamically deploy multi-cloud aware applications in an ecosystem of reliable, interoperable, and legal compliant cloud services. Three use cases will be conducted to validate the proposed approach.The project leading to this paper has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 731533

PIACERE: Programming trustworthy Infrastructure As Code in a Secure Framework

Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC), enables the automation of several deployment, configuration and management tasks. IaC has a lot of potential in cloud computing as it results in a significant saving of time when an application needs to be redeployed on a different set of resources, even running on different infrastructures. Unfortunately, IaC still suffers from some important issues, such as the large variety of competing tools or the strong orientation toward the cloud, leaving aside e.g. the edge. Also, trustworthiness and security aspects of are often left for the end of the cycle, where errors and vulnerabilities are often too late or too expensive to correct. We present here the PIACERE project, which provides tools, methods and techniques for the Infrastructure-as-Code approach. The project will make the creation of IaC more accessible to designers, developers and operators, increasing the quality, security, trustworthiness and evolvability of infrastructural code while ensuring its business continuity by providing self-healing mechanisms anticipation of failures and violations.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101000162

Towards Supporting the Extended DevOps Approach through Multi-cloud Architectural Patterns for Design and Pre-deployment - A Tool Supported Approach

Recently the world of Cloud Computing is witnessing two major trends: Multi-cloud applications pushed by the increasing diversity of Cloud services leading to hybrid infrastructures and the DevOps paradigm, promising increased trust, faster software releases, and the ability to solve critical issues quickly (Steinborn, 2018). This paper presents a solution for merging and adapting both trends so that the benefits for software developers and operators are multiplied. The authors describe a tool-supported approach to extend the DevOps philosophy with the objective of supporting the design and pre-deployment of multi-cloud software applications. The paper begins with the presentation of the theoretical concepts, the proceeds with the description of the developed tools and the discussion of the validation performed with a sandbox application.The project leading to this paper has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 731533

A stereological study of synapse number in the epileptic human hippocampus

Hippocampal sclerosis is the most frequent pathology encountered in resected mesial temporal structures from patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here, we have used stereological methods to compare the overall density of synapses and neurons between non-sclerotic and sclerotic hippocampal tissue obtained by surgical resection from patients with TLE. Specifically, we examined the possible changes in the subiculum and CA1, regions that seem to be critical for the development and/or maintenance of seizures in these patients. We found a remarkable decrease in synaptic and neuronal density in the sclerotic CA1, and while the subiculum from the sclerotic hippocampus did not display changes in synaptic density, the neuronal density was higher. Since the subiculum from the sclerotic hippocampus displays a significant increase in neuronal density, as well as a various other neurochemical changes, we propose that the apparently normal subiculum from the sclerotic hippocampus suffers profound alterations in neuronal circuits at both the molecular and synaptic level that are likely to be critical for the development or maintenance of seizure activit